Knows Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder and symbolizes his letters OCD, that kind of anxiety Anxiety, characterized the suffering patient from Obsessive Obsessions, and this is about ideas and feeling and fears obsessive, intrusive, irrational, irritating, unwanted and parasitize on the mind of the patient in frequent. This is followed by obsessive preoccupation with the patient's actions and behaviors and rituals frequent and conscientious, but compelling mandatory compulsion, and these behaviors may be a physical or mental activity repeatedly, aim to get rid of the feeling and disturbing thought.
The patient suffers from obsessive-only, without suffering from compulsive behaviors and vice versa. However, most patients suffering from both.
It is worth mentioning that the patient understands and is aware of non-logical and rational, realistic and Swash, and he exaggerated in his actions and compulsive behaviors, and that involuntary and unwanted, contradictory and inconsistent with his character Ego-dystonic. For this reason, scientists believe that patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder are far from psychosis, and this helps in the effectiveness of treatment.
The patient of his actions to overcome the coercive anxiety caused by obsessive, is that these actions do not relieve concern Daúmaa, but sometimes it may exacerbate concern.
And often sit this disorder patient work, and prevents him from performing his daily duties, and to the fact that obsessive and subsequent actions of a waste and a waste of time, the patient may enter into a state of depression and social phobia Social Phobia. And behaviors lead a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder to alienated friends, colleagues and even family members of it. Has recorded many cases led to the loss of the patient to function, and the deterioration of his relationship with his friends or with a partner / her life.
Even the eighties of the last century, it was believed that the obsessive-compulsive disorder is uncommon, nor will respond to treatment, but it turned out at the beginning of this century and clearly, that this is a very common disorder and responds well to treatment.
Range ratio of diffuse compulsive whispers of 2 to 4 percent. And affects men and women equally. Note that some scientists believe that it is more prevalent among women than among men. As well as some studies have indicated that the ratio of diffuse higher compulsive whispers of 9 percent, and this makes it the fourth most common psychiatric disorder (globally) after phobias Phobia and dependence (addiction) on drugs, psychotic depression Psychotic Depression. Also, the rate of diffuse approaching the prevalence of asthma (pulmonary Alozosma) Bronchial Asthma and diabetes.
The studies also indicated that the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in childhood and adolescence in males more than females. And begin the signs and symptoms of the patients appear to persons who have been exposed to infection from the age of 11 years until the age of 25 years of age.
The peak spread of obsessive-compulsive disorder at the age of 21 years of age. It was also noted that OCD may appear for the first time when a woman is pregnant.
A study carried out by the world Yaryura-Tobias in 1997 that patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder generally enjoy extraordinary intelligently and to the nature of this disease which needs to be a complex level of thinking.
Causes of the disease
To this day scientists have not been able to reach uncertain cause of compulsive whispers, is that there are a number of factors related to a person with this disorder injury outlined as follows:
Genetics: Various studies indicated the presence of an important role for genetic factor (genes) in the incidence of obsessive-compulsive disorder. As genes play an important role in children with this disorder in the range of 45 to 65 percent of cases. While this percentage drops when adults ranging from 27 to 43 percent. As well as studies have indicated that in the event of injury of a parent (or both) obsessive-compulsive disorder, the possibility of injury their children reach 3 to 5 times the children of intact families parents.
Neurotransmitters: Studies have shown that the level of the neurotransmitter Neurotransmitter called "serotonin" Serotonin reduced when patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The best proof of this is that the antidepressant medication that raises the level of serotonin, leading to the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Environment: as well as studies have shown that a person (whether a minor or adult) who created or live in an environment (boarding school, for example) or a family, where people are suffering or more of obsessive-compulsive disorder, susceptibility to the disorder more than other people. As the upbringing and education and to live and to work in an environment where a particular person suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder may affect the gradually Bslukiath people around him, making them susceptible to obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Neurological conditions: believed to be harming the brain may lead to direct injury owner Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, such as: shocks or blows to the head, or an addiction to steroids and stimulants Stimulants and carbon monoxide poisoning Carbon Monoxide.
The reason behind this is that these infections lead to an autoimmune reaction Autoimmune central nervous system, which in turn leads to a neuropsychiatric symptoms, and evidence that treating infection with antibiotics leads to the erosion of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.
Brain: It was noted in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder increased activity (blood flow and metabolism) in the frontal lobe Frontal Lobe of the brain, and in the basal ganglia Basal Ganglia-private guilty Caudate-, and belt Cingulum-which is a bundle of fibers surrounded partially body rigid Corpus Callosum.
Clinical picture
Symptoms and basic hallmarks of obsessive compulsive disorder, are: obsessive and compulsive behaviors (mandatory) that followed, it is possible to label the last rites Rituals. Studies have indicated that 75 percent of patients suffering from obsessive-mandatory rituals together. Some scientists, however, point to a mandatory ritual can sometimes be the behavior of mental rather than physical, for example, obsessive about the possibility or the mother's fear that affects her child hated may be followed by religious rituals such as repeating certain prayer or verse several times. In this case the rate of patient suffering from obsessive rituals mandatory together about one hundred percent. On the other hand some scientists believe that some patients may experience only ideas obsessive without rituals mandatory, for example, suffers a person of ideas sexual or aggressive frequent and owing the censuring himself, and the best example of this is ideas alien to the mind of the father that he may trespass sexually One day his daughter, so we see berated himself and يلومها. So scientists prefer (and clarity) that obsessive defined as a mandatory ideas and rituals as behavior (behavior).
It is typical obsessive-associated or facilities for obsessive-compulsive disorder is obsessive thoughts about germs and dirt contamination (for example: the patient's thinking that his hands Mluttan and dirty), or suspicious (for example: the patient's thinking that he forgot to close the door of the house)
It is important to say that the mandatory rituals and compulsions that follow obsessive thoughts alleviate and reduce anxiety associated with obsessive. As I mentioned earlier, the obsessive and compulsive behavior are inconsistent and recipes differ from personal patient Ego-alien, it is a strange experience for the same psychological. Whatever the case, is striking that the patient understands the absurdity and lack of rational thoughts and behaviors (and this is what distinguishes it from the patient's psychotic Psychotic which is separated from reality and losing sight self), so we see that the patient Obsessive Compulsive Disorder wants to resist his obsessive and actions mandatory. With all that we see that half of the patients do not manage to resist compulsive behavior (note that about 81 percent of patients know that their behavior irrational compulsions). In some cases, gives patients more important than natural Ushm, for example: insist that cleanliness compulsions which they suffer is a moral act (though they may have had lost their jobs because Hdarham time in repeated hand washing and cleaning their living places).
The different types of obsessive and compulsive behaviors from one person to another, but the most widespread and common, are: pollution, and pathological suspicion, and exotic ideas - intrusive, and consistency (the order and precision):
Pollution: The fear of contamination obsessive most common in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, usually followed by a compulsive ritual is to repeated hand washing or cleaning the place, which is believed to be contaminated dirt or germs, or washing (bathing) several times a day. The House is committed to patient and avoids to get out of it only when absolutely necessary. Also avoids patient source of the contamination is assumed such as: shake hands with hands or use public toilets, as the patient is believed that pollution moves from one person to another or from one thing to another through contact and communication simpler.
Doubt patients: is suspicious second most obsession common, and usually followed by the behavior and actions of compelling is بالتفحص and make sure and check (for example, make sure to close the faucet gas several times, or making sure fire burner several times, or make sure to close the car door or house more than once. may even be that person back to the house several times to be sure to close the door of the house or turn off the stove .. and so on). You may see a person close Alba key and then the check that had been closed by doing trying to open it several times and excessive force, which may sometimes lead to broken hand door or faucet gas.
Intrusive thoughts: This is a obsessive intrusive thoughts and gimmicky, not followed by compulsive behaviors. An example of this is that person thinks sexual thoughts or aggressive continuous and frequent accompanied by self-rebuke. Has recorded some cases in which the patient resorted to the police station or to the clergy, asking them to help so as not to commit certain offenses.
Consistency: the fourth most common obsession is the need for accuracy and consistency in carrying out the tasks or in the order of things, for example, the order of canning in the kitchen Tnasaga exaggerated, or spend a long time in shaving mirrors.
Other styles: obsessive and compulsive behaviors are also common and obsessive religious and keep things or tools do not need them at all, so there becomes no room in the house. There are some behaviors that some scientists consider that it may be compulsive behaviors, such as: Mania trichotillomania Trichotillomania, and nail-biting and masturbation (masturbation).
I can summarize and classify obsessive and compulsive rituals according to the following categories (followed by a ritual obsession mandatory):
Fear of pollution = frequent washing and cleaning.
Uncertainty (for example: gas tap or close the door) = check frequently.
The need for consistency = arrange, organize exaggerated.
Sexual thoughts and fantasies and aggressive unwanted = repeat the prayer and the scan and avoid some of the events and asked for reassurance and to make sure.
Anxiety and fear of throwing or wasting things useful or valuable = stores and keeps unnecessary things and occupying space in the house.
It is important to say it should be confused with obsessive personality disorder, which refers to a regular person proficient work and play to the fullest, in addition to excessive devotion to work, and stubbornness and a reluctance to make decisions.
Diagnosis
To be a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder when a particular person must meet the following criteria:
Person suffers from obsessive or compulsive behaviors, or both:
And knows obsessive following four criteria:
Recurrent thoughts or fantasies and durable, experienced by the patient in time during this turmoil and, more intrusive and intrusive and inappropriate. The cause of concern and nuisance significantly. The patient is aware of the absurdity of these unwanted thoughts (such as fear of hurting his children) does not act on them is that they constitute a nuisance to him, and it is difficult for him shared with others.
These ideas and fantasies are not about problems and real-life dilemmas.
Patient tries to put down or ignore such thoughts and fantasies, has vitiated or disposed of by other thoughts or behaviors.
Understands the patient that these ideas and fantasies and obsessive product of his mind, and not imposed from the outside or from other people, or had been planted in his mind by force him by people or external force (This observation is very important as it is different from delusions experienced by a patient with psychosis .
The compulsive behaviors learn Palmaaarin to the following:
The patient behaviors repeatedly (such as: washing hands, the order of things, scan) or activity mental (such as: praying, counting and statistics and repeat words and sentences silently), and the reaction to the obsession certain, or at the rules and laws that must be undertaken strictly.
Goal of behaviors or mental activity is prevention or alleviation of anxiety and discomfort, or prevention of something or a horrific situation. However, these behaviors and mental activities unrelated and is not suitable for all eliminate the root cause which brought to him, or to be overly performance.
Aware of the patient at the moment of moments that obsessive and compulsive behaviors exaggerated and excessive and irrational (not that it does not apply to children).
Cause obsessive and compulsive behaviors annoyed and worried notable, and a waste of time (it may take more than one hour). Or may hinder and spoil the routine of life, profession and academic performance, or adversely affect the social life and personal relationships and even family.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is not caused by other diseases or drug abuse and alcohol.
In the event of a lack of awareness or convinced the patient during each period Nubia that these obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors exaggerated and irrational, the case is considered a weak self-insight Insight.
Treatment
In some cases, treatment or cure of the disease somewhat difficult, and may need to take medication for life, in the treatment helps control and control of the symptoms of the disease, so the patient is not suffering from complications of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
And treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder is divided into two main sections:
Psychotherapy or drug therapy or both, and often prefer to start psychotherapy pending the entry into force of antidepressant medications, which take more than two weeks until the patient starts to feel better.
The psychotherapy gradually exposing the patient to the thing or activity or event, which caused him to obsessive-compulsive disorder, such as the handshake strangers with him or eat in the restaurant, and so on .. And then encourage them to resist concern.
The most commonly used drugs in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, are antidepressant medications, especially medication Clomipramine and trade name Anafranil or Maronil and Fluoxetine and trade name of Prozac or Flutine and is strictly prohibited to stop taking the drug suddenly without consulting your doctor.
Consequences and complications of the disease
Chapped and sore hands from frequent skin washed and the use of disinfectants.
Deterioration of the relationship with colleagues at work, and may even be separated from work due to waste and waste time in cleaning.
Deterioration of the family relationship has comes to divorce.
Academic underachievement.
About a third of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, also suffer from depression and vulnerability to suicide.
The path and course of the disease is usually long-term, but it varies from patient to patient, some patients suffer from unsteady path, while others suffer from a sustainable course.
With improved treatment about 21 - 31 percent of patients improved markedly. Also, about 41 - 51 percent of patients get better in moderation, is that the remaining percentage of patients (about 21 - 41 percent) either stay patients and without significant improvement, or deteriorate seriously.
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