9.13.2014

Acute diarrhea

When researching the causes of diarrhea, acute bacterial ones especially in children and the children, it is necessary to stop a little at the global environmental situation, which draws the attention of most developed nations scientifically and health, along with international health organizations (the World Health Organization, the United Nations Organization for the care of children) working to limit the spread of epidemics across the world. 
We are committed to here the subject of water pollution, whether drinking water or water domestic use, to conclude that in the present era there are a billion and two hundred million people in the world (and the number is increasing with the passage of time) are not able to use drinking water, and two billion and four hundred million are deprived of construction necessary health (toilets, toilets, sanitation, infrastructure ...). 
From here we can see the suffering of health resulting from this acute shortage of water and poor hygiene rules, especially in a country that is in the process of growth, and in terms of increasing the number of inhabitants in a continuous steady. Has resulted in disease-causing diarrhea and belonging mostly to water scarcity and pollution, to the death of children over the past century the number exceeded the number of people killed in armed conflicts since the Second World War; These are diseases that cause the death of more than six thousand children a day as a result of water shortages or contamination.
If they briefed us on the ratio of access to water between one country and another, the inferred large gap in this area, as a Canadian citizen, for example, gets seven hundred liters of water per day, while not exceeding the share of citizens of the African thirty liters per day, leaving an impact positively and negatively in both cases, especially if we know that the minimum should be secured per person is fifty liters of water per day, to cover the needs of drinking and hygiene, washing and cooking. The rise of this amount to one hundred liters per day, if we add the requirements of agriculture and irrigation. 
Diarrhea and method of infection 
Knows diarrhea repeat times defecate, containing an excessive amount of the ordinary, of water and mineral salts which lose the human body, to changes in the quality of its contents and feces (plucking the membrane of the intestine, mucus, pus, blood ...). 
And diarrhea sign of illness spreading rapidly, especially in the summer, due to spend frequent intervals in the lap of nature, and water pollution in places frequented by people in this chapter (swimming in the sea, the banks of rivers, lakes ..), and hiking in places scarce water are considerably less cleaning and are transmission to foods for fecal oral route, and where healthy people who have strong immune defense shielding them from becoming infected with, especially to children who are in the process of building their immune systems are any under the age of two. 
Whatever the source of infection, acute diarrhea constitutes a grave danger to the health of the child because of dehydration caused by acute (Nschwan), especially if accompanied by frequent cases of vomiting. 
This represents one of the main causes diarrheal disease or death among children in the world, where it records about injury billion annually and about five million deaths (according to the World Health Organization Information). 
The most important bacterial spores and other diarrheal 
The reasons for the diarrhea to severe bacterial infection of the intestine several types of intestinal bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae), which can be classified into two platoons: 
• First is the varieties of bacteria that are stationed in the intestine and secrete some kind of poison, and belong this to a platoon «Albasil», or bacilli, such as a bacterium E. coli (E.coli) (has taken international fame in the recent period after the recorded fatal injuries in one of the factions of MRSA in Germany, Spain, Italy and other countries of the European Common Market). And many of these species to exist in our country (but cause urinary tract infections in more than positioning in the intestine). 
• It is the bacteria that occur sudden severe diarrhea and cholera (Cholera) that led to the fatal epidemics in the past, especially in the seasons of Hajj, which is currently hit in a number of countries in Africa and South America.
• In addition to this species some patterns of salmonellosis (Salmonella), and Streptococcus suis (Staphylococcus), and shigella bacillus (Shigella) ... and others. 
• The second species of bacteria are characterized by attacking the intestinal membrane directly, and they are many, among them germ typhoid and other types of salmonella (A, B, C ...), and Streptococcus bacteria, and bacteria twisted Campylobacter. 
• It parasites mention a quality most prevalent parasitic entamoeba. 
Shorten the search included by acute diarrhea in two cases: the first as a result of infection with the bacterium shigella, and the second Balotfilah amoebic infection (Amoebiasis), both of which lead to severe dysentery (acute dysentery), first known as bacillary dysentery and amoebic dysentery second or parasite. 
Acute bacterial diarrhea Bacillary dysentery bacillus return to Higla Shigellosis 
These bacteria contain several factions (a, b, c ...), a rare occurrence in France before the age of three months, while it is granted the more in Africa, Eastern Europe and the countries of the Middle East. And get the infection directly (via water, food and games), and always will be the entrance by mouth. Incubation lasts for germ from 6 to 12 hours, and the child remains contagious as long as the germ in stools. 
The disease progresses in the form of an epidemic or injuries limited and lasts the duration of immunity after two to three years. 
The signs of infection begins in the form of aches sharp in the abdomen, vomiting repeatedly and high fever (40 degrees), can be accompanied by cases of spasm nervous in children; followed by acute diarrhea directly as it appears the phenomenon of dysentery and clear: bouts of pain mystical lead to an urgent desire to go to defecate with feeling a sharp pain excruciating anal, with multiple times defecate container to pluck from the intestinal membrane and pus and blood, which is a clinical condition integrated, including the case of poisoning septic variable sharpness consisting of: high fever with a drop in blood pressure and speed up the pace of the heart rate and dehydration sharp , with the increase in acidity in the blood and its repercussions on the functions of breathing, heart and brain. 
In other cases, less severe, is confined to the clinical form of acute diarrhea with a normal existence, in some cases, means membranous mucous in the stool with some «strands» High blood, in this case alone implant laboratory stool confirms the specific injury. 
Parasite amoebic diarrhea or acute Amoebic dysentery 
Affects this form of clinical disease about 10% of the world's population, while 90% of those infected have no signs of illness, except for a high proportion of whom complain of diarrhea simple, but the other part suffers signs of the disease in the form of pain in the intestines of acute diarrhea Liquid contains the blood, He could lead to the formation of blisters or boil in the gut. 
In some cases, can parasite that invades other organs, especially the liver, where show symptoms in the form of raises caloric variable with a lack of appetite for food without injury to the bowel, are infections by bag parasite, which is transmitted through contaminated water or eating raw vegetables contaminated with fecal matter, or infection hands faeces when attending foods. 
Diagnosis is made through laboratory testing, and lasts bags live in the external environment for a period ranging between 9 and 20 days, and especially when we know that these bags resist sterile materials (chlorine, for example). 
The remaining special categories of people susceptible to the parasite in this way, especially with the structure or impaired immune Mthbti or pregnant women, who are most vulnerable to serious complications. 
Ways of prevention 
• for the prevention of acute diarrhea and dehydration in children cases, you must first maintain the rules of hygiene (hands, nails, hair ...). 
• Monitor water supply network that feed homes and convalescent homes, schools, and work to sterilize drinking water. 
• Focus on wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before preparing meals or eating, and after returning from the toilet, and after changing keep the baby, and wash and disinfect fruits and vegetables, and cook food well, boil the milk and sterilization and disinfection of the water used in the preparation of a bottle of milk for the child in the event of bottle-feeding and sterilizing water used in the preparation of ice cubes or ice cream manufacturing. 
• For infants should stop feeding milk as a first step, and replace it with a solution of serum oral (which contains salt, potash, carbonate of soda and sugar, which is the record in the form of powder dissolves with sterile water and easy handling by children, and given in small quantities prescribed by your doctor) allows the reduction of cases of dehydration. 
• Do not rush to give the child antibiotics diarrhea, a drug no longer acceptable for use, as they have put up so as to prevent the harm caused by MRSA outside of the intestines and keep it inside the body. 
• It is important to refrain from self-medication not accelerate to give the child antibiotics, and leave it to the doctor alone to decide the appropriate prescription for each condition. 
• attention to the method of reducing heat drug unresolved and not Balthamal, given the difficulty of use and lack of effectiveness in cases of diarrhea, because the lack of reducing heat in itself lead to the loss of water from the body of the child, what accelerates for dehydration and increases the potential for spasms of nerve (Shake Wall ).

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