9.19.2012

Pneumonia


Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
By Alaa Salah Saleh


 
What is Acute Respiratory Syndrome?

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - known disease (SARS), is a medical condition caused by a virus that destroyed the alveoli in the lungs, causing swelling and fibrosis in the lung tissue and hinders the work of the alveoli and prevents oxygen from reaching the blood, and thus respiratory failure : which means not being able to breathe properly to get enough oxygen to the cells of the body, and may lead to a lack of jobs of different organs in the body.

It is worth mentioning that the severe acute respiratory syndrome disease is infectious and sometimes fatal. SARS appeared for the first time in China in November of 2002 and within a few months spread to different parts of the world. But he has Alstirh it up infections of SARS in 2004 to zero in all over the world.



What causes SARS?

SARS virus belongs to the family of or viruses Alchoronoveros group (coronovirus) causing the common cold, and is believed to be started as a disease in animals in China and evolved and moved to humans, and since then the disease has spread all over the world.



How SARS spread?

We have the virus in sputum and saliva injured or secretions from the nose of the infected, so way in the most common mode of transmission is through droplets that spread in the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes or while talking, most experts believe that SARS is spread mainly through direct contact and face to face with the patient, but this virus may also spread through the use of contaminated objects such as door handles, phones and elevator buttons or when shaking hands with an infected person who does not wash his hands.



Which Alochkad are at risk of infection?

• people who have close contact with a sick person and they showed symptoms within 10 days of its existence diffuse region of SARS.

• When you share housing with injured, or visit the patient, caregivers for people, who have direct contact with patients are more susceptible to infection.

• When traveling to areas where the disease has spread like China.



What are the symptoms of SARS?

Show signs and symptoms usually within 4 - 10 days after exposure to the SARS virus, which are:

- High temperature and chills is the fastest in the brand history and the most prevalent (up body temperature to 38 degrees Celsius or more).

- Patient also may suffer from headaches and body aches and general weakness, and after the initial onset of symptoms two days to 7 days the patient starts to feel shortness of breath and difficulty breathing, and dry cough.

- Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting are other symptoms that may appear on the patient.



When I need to go to the doctor?

If you think your probability of developing SARS, you should see a doctor immediately, SARS is a serious disease and has deadly consequences.



How is the treatment of SARS?



As for bacterial antibiotics, they do not give the benefit because the cause is a virus and not bacteria, in addition to the absence of interferon proved effective for the treatment of SARS.

During epidemic periods, some patients were treated using a high dose of corticosteroids sugary glucocorticoids in addition to antivirus ribavirin (ribavirin), but most experts agree there is no clear effect and is useful for these treatments on patients with SARS.

Other studies have demonstrated that to Obenawer - ritonavir (Lopinavir-ritonavir) may be effective against the virus in the laboratory, but clinical effectiveness (ie patients) have not been established.



Some supportive measures to improve the health status of the patient:

Drugs: can give the patient some medication to relieve symptoms such as antipyretics drugs to relieve cough and pain may improve the health of the patient, as the patient may need some medication to reduce the swelling in the lungs, which helps the patient to breathe easier.

Oxygen: If the oxygen level in the blood less than they should, the doctor or specialist will provide the patient with oxygen through a mask placed over the nose and mouth, or through small tubes.

It is worth mentioning that the previous procedures increase a patient's chance of getting a complete recovery from the disease.



How can I prevent SARS disease?

Travel:

• If you must travel to areas where SARS, avoid areas presence Kalhvlat gatherings and crowded market. You may need to use gloves (for use once) or gags.

• Wash hands with soap and lukewarm water

• Use sterile products deadly germs (Hi Jane).

Taking care of someone with SARS:

• Wash your hands frequently, especially before and after entering a patient's room.

• Do not share patient bed, blankets, or eating utensils.

• Use a mask for the injured person when there is other people with him in the room limits the spread of the disease, but if he can not use the mask he must cover his mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.

• people who should be checked Kanu in close contact with the patient to make sure they are free from SARS infection.

• isolate clothes بالمصاب and washed alone using hot water and soap.

• Dispose of tissues after use.

• Use alcohol to clean the surfaces soiled Bmkhat or spray patient and surfaces near patient use, and wear gloves and a mask to protect yourself.

• follow these previous actions during the period of the disease and for 10 days after the disappearance of the symptoms of the disease when infected.

• There are several research kinds of Allhakat for SARS, but he did not test any of them on humans.


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