The cervix is part of the female reproductive system, and is the narrow bottom part of the uterus. It connects the uterus vagina Vijrj menstrual blood from the uterus into the vagina through the cervix. And The cervical outputs mucous secretions help the movement of sperm from the vagina to the uterus during the marital relationship. During pregnancy the cervix is closed tightly to keep the fetus inside the womb. And at birth accommodate the cervix to allow the embryo out of the uterus into the vagina.
What is cancer? What is cancer
Normally body cells grow and divide when the body needs it. And when you grow these cells and up to a certain extent begin to die and be replaced by new cells. And sometimes malfunction occurs in the natural process. The cells begin to divide without the body needs and at the same time old cells do not die by end-of-life. And those cells begin in excess of the body's need to form a mass of abnormal tissue and tumor is. In this case, this tumor is either benign or malignant cancerous.
And, of course, be more dangerous cancerous tumor where cell division stops and starts to attack neighboring Member and eliminate them. Also start to spread to places and other members of the body to be many tumors in various body organs
The causes of cervical cancer
Has yet to discover the cause of cancerous tumors. But there are some risk factors that increase the chance of injury Ms. cervical cancer than others.
The risk factors are as follows:
Infection with viruses HPV Human papillomaviruses: are a group of famous viruses that infect the cervix, which is transmitted by sexual contact. And these viruses cause some changes to the cells of the cervix, which can lead to cervical cancer.
Age: Usually, cervical cancer affects women more than 40 years.
Smoking.
Sexual activity.
Non-attendance on a Pap smear.
Weakened immune systems, such as in cases of AIDS. Early detection tests for cervical cancer
Can avoid most of the cases of cervical cancer through early detection of any abnormal changes in cervical cells and treated before they develop into cancer cells and spread in the cervix. This is done by Pap smear.
Pap smear Pap Smear
The doctor will take a sample of cervical cells to be tested under a microscope to see if there are abnormal cells. And do not feel Ms. any pain during sampling.
And must begin Ms. Pap smear procedure starting from the age of 18 if they were married or from the beginning of the marriage. Where cervical swab every year until show swab natural result for three consecutive years, then you make a swab every 3 years at least. And Mrs. continue to do cervical swab forever even after menopause.
And if Ms. age more than 70 years and has done a cervical swab three times in a row and three normal results, and did not show any abnormal result in the last 10 years can be stopped for a Pap smear. If Mrs. total eradication process of the uterus Total Hystrectomy (ie the uterus and cervix) is not doing a Pap smear. If hysterectomy without cervical it shall conduct swab as previously explained.
And there are some instructions that you must abide by Mrs. before a Pap smear so as not to affect the result:
Failure to do vaginal Balchatif or douche for 48 hours prior to the swab.
Abstain from marital relationship before the 48-hour swab.
Do not use any vaginal topical medications, or any of the topical contraceptives before swab 48 hours.
And a Pap smear on any day in the period between the tenth day and twentieth day of the beginning of the menstrual cycle.
Symptoms and diagnosis of cervical cancer
Usually does not cause cervical cancer in the early stages of any symptoms. But the symptoms begin to emerge with the progress of the stage of the disease.
And symptoms are as follows:
Abnormal vaginal bleeding: is in the following image:
Bleeding between periods.
Bleeding after sexual intercourse or vaginal rinse.
Increase the number of days and increase the amount of menstrual blood menstruation.
Bleeding after menopause.
Increased vaginal discharge.
Pain in the pelvic area.
Pain during sexual intercourse.
Diagnosed with cervical cancer Diagnosis
In the case of any complaint Lady of the symptoms of the disease or the appearance of abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix when a Pap smear physician may be required to further tests to confirm the diagnosis.
Telescope cervical Colposcopy:
A microscope-like device helps the physician to see and cervical screening directly. Chromosomal material is placed certain cervical make the area containing the abnormal cells in the cervix appears clearly from the rest of the normal cells so that the doctor clearly seen through the telescope and take a sample of these abnormal cells to be tested in the laboratory.
Sample Biopsy:
The doctor will take a sample of cervical tissue where the pathologist pathologist examines the sample under a microscope to look for the presence of abnormal cells or cancerous. And is performed using local anesthetic.
Curettage sample of cervical Endocervical curettage:
The doctor uses a small tool curettage and sharp to take a small sample of tissue from the cervix.
Cone-shaped sample of cervical Conization:
The doctor takes a small sample of tissue from the cervix to the conical shape to examine the presence of abnormal cells in the inner part of the surface of the cervix. And while taking a sample of tissue from the cervix may feel Ms. some pain similar to menstrual cramps. And bleeding may occur with little or secretions but quickly healed sampling place and end up bleeding and discharge.
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