Deep brain stimulation a safe and effective treatment for Parkinson's disease
Marks the eleventh month of April in each year as the World Day to raise awareness of Parkinson's disease or Parkinson's disease. The awareness campaign includes the disease every day of the month to define the extent of effects on individuals, families and society because of it, and raise awareness to reduce the stigma associated with the disease.
And Parkinson's or Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that progressively degenerative associated with symptoms of motor core, suffered about 1.2 million people in Europe alone by "the World Association of Parkinson's disease", and there are at least 10 million patients in Europe suffer from atrial and more than 500 thousand European suffer from dystonia, 80 thousand of them are suffering from primary dystonia.
Disease occurs as a result of the loss of nerve cells that produce a chemical called 'dopamine', فيتعطل work basic nerve cells and the patient becomes unable to control his movements.
For further clarification about the disease, said Dr. Ahmed Khani, Surgery Consultant brain and nerves, Department of Neuroscience at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, first, that the exact cause of ill Parkinson is still unknown although it is due probably to a group of genetic factors ( oligo), and the risk among first-degree relatives (17 percent), and environmental factors (including viruses, toxins, vitamin E, and smoking). Are diagnosed about 15 per cent of cases of people with Parkinson's illness before the age of fifty, and incidence increases with age, which affects men and women alike.
In the Middle East, it is estimated that about 2 - 3 out of 1,000 people infected with Parkinson's illness, and that the equivalent of 2 - 3 per cent of people aged over 60 years are infected with the disease, taking into account that most of the population in the Middle East are young with 6 per cent of the population are over the age of sixty.
Symptoms
Motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's illness, namely:
• sclerosis: remain constantly tense muscles, leading to rigidity or stiffness of the limbs and joints, especially in the neck and legs.
• Atrial: involuntary movements can be seen as a normal tremor in one of the parties or the head or the whole body.
• Slow movements: it can develop in many cases to a curved position, walking slowly and lumbered. In some cases (after a number of years), muscles can stop moving at the end.
• non-motor symptoms associated with the disorder include sleep disturbance, depression, difficulty speaking or swallowing and memory loss.
• can be for patients who suffer from Parkinson's ill vouch severe fluctuations in the control of movement, it is periods where almost normal motor function to full episodes of inertia within a few hours or even minutes.
The effects of Parkinson's disease
As the illness progresses Parkinson's disease, the cause of more deficit, which makes routine activities such as bathing, dressing or eating without the help of a difficult or impossible. And can lead inability patient care itself to the loss of self-confidence and depression (he suffers about 30 - 40 percent of patients in the United Kingdom from depression during infection with the disease), and not to leave the house (whether to go to work or to do daily activities normal) Because of these effects, in addition to the side effects of drug treatment substitutes for dopamine.
Treatment Options
He added. Ahmad Khani, there are a number of medical treatments available to manage the symptoms of Parkinson's illness, including pharmaceutical and other surgical and each of which is described by reasons of the condition:
• drug treatment: levodopa levodopa is the standard for the treatment of Parkinson's illness, has been used since more than 30 years, and is taken by mouth, or by injection pump in the advanced stages.
And just as effective substitutes for dopamine drugs usually within four to five years. After 5 to 10 years, may result in increases in the calibration of the dosage of the drug to side effects can not be controlled and intolerable, and become often worse than the disease itself. Additional treatments include dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
• Surgical treatment: and can be divided into two main groups, namely, surgical removal of the lesion lesional surgery and deep brain stimulation deep brain stimulation DBS both targeting specific areas of the brain such as the thalamus, pale body globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus subthalamic nucleus.
• surgical removal of the lesion lesional surgery: surgery to eradicate specific cells in the brain (forming the scourge of this disease), such as the thalamus and internal pale body and thalamic nucleus under to reduce the effects of dyskinesia and dystonia.
And is usually performed this type of surgery as a last resort as the cause wounds in the brain to eradicate some of its cells is a procedure can not be returned and may result in side effects such as loss of speech that can not be reversed or modified.
• stimulation deep brain (DBS): The stimulus deep brain Deep Brain Stimulation more means surgical use and the most effective in improving the quality of life in patients who suffer from ill Parkinson, and saw patients who were treated with stimulation deep brain improvement in the quality of their daily lives for a period of not less than Five years after treatment, which provides electrical stimulation to block signals in the brain that cause motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's illness basic. And when the catalyst is implanted surgically nervous under the skin in the chest or in the abdominal area and linking electric بأقطاب placed in parts of the brain that control movement.
This treatment requires the involvement of a multidisciplinary team specializing in movement disorders and deep brain stimulation (neurologist, neurosurgeon and a specialist radiograph nervous and Physiology neurological specialist). The team conducted tests to assess the effectiveness of the system before planting to make sure that the patient's symptoms will respond appropriately, it prevents unnecessary costs and surgery and possible side effects.
This way is advised for patients who suffer from troublesome symptoms despite optimal drug therapy. It must be these patients may have received a clear diagnosis of Parkinson's ill lasted for more than five years as well as a good response to the drug levodopa.
Deep brain stimulation
The main advantages of this type of treatment:
• very effective for the symptoms of Parkinson's ill when they are described with the drug compared with medication alone.
• patients saw an improvement in the quality of sleep and longer periods of sleep with deep brain stimulation, and this also leads to an improvement in the quality of life of caregivers.
• The treatment of deep brain stimulation leads to reduced anxiety and maintain cognition.
• One of the latest hardware (ACTIVA RC) is the first and smallest device deep brain stimulation is subject to recharge, and the only one in the world can allow the use of the device itself for almost ten years. This reduces the number of surgical operations over the life, which is particularly useful for young patients in the Age
Effectiveness of treatment
The effectiveness of the treatment deep brain stimulation has shown the following:
• The researchers found that electrical impulses hinder signals in the brain that cause the symptoms of Parkinson's ill and atrial and dystonia.
• constant stimulation of the thalamic nucleus under internal or pale body or ventricular nucleus of thalamus middle of the brain is of fundamental interest in the treatment.
• does not require patients to further surgical interventions when these devices were planted that are programmed and maintained from the outside.
Studies have shown that Parkinson's patients who were treated with deep brain stimulation showed improvement in motor function, allowing patients to be more able to accomplish everyday activities or even return to work. And can be performed deep brain stimulation also improves the quality of sleep in patients. And reduces deep brain stimulation significantly the duration and intensity of involuntary movements (called dyskinesia) and severity of disability associated with it.
And saw patients who were treated with deep brain stimulation a decline of up to 70 per cent in involuntary movements and an improvement of up to 56 per cent in motor function. After 12 months, saw patients who suffer from Parkinson's ill rate increase in periods of good motor function and alleviate the symptoms was 6.1 hours per day.
Also saw patients who were treated with deep brain stimulation, as well as oral medications, a significant improvement in their quality of life compared with patients who were treated with the best medical management and who have not seen any improvement. Studies have shown that deep brain stimulation allows a substantial reduction in the daily dose of levodopa equivalent, and this may help reduce the side effects of oral medications.
Patients with atrial
For the effect of this treatment on patients with atrial that the improvement has emerged after laying a deep brain stimulation is in the long term, Patients witnessed a significant decrease in the defibrillator for up to seven years. The treatment of deep brain stimulation to improve the quality of life of patients significantly and enable them to carry out tasks such as shopping, cooking and feed themselves independently.
In the case of the effect of treatment on the cases of primary dystonia may improve deep brain stimulation of the severity of the disease and reduces the deficit associated at least three years.
And reduces deep brain stimulation effectively the symptoms of dystonia related, which improves the quality of life significantly. When determining the perfect choice for the treatment of deep brain stimulation of the patient, must make some changes and as such patients need to do only the minimum of visits to their doctor.
Safety treatment
Were studied deep brain stimulation widely in different diseases. And usually the side effects of deep brain stimulation are reversible and transient, and can be solved by non-surgical interventions to change data and stimulus options.
Research has shown consistently that deep brain stimulation is a safe and effective treatment and lasting. It is possible to reverse deep brain stimulation, which does not cause any damage in the brain tissue. As is the case with all treatments, the stability necessary to get used to the deep brain stimulation. And long-term care is relatively simple in most cases.
جديد
Marks the eleventh month of April in each year as the World Day to raise awareness of Parkinson's disease or Parkinson's disease. The awareness campaign includes the disease every day of the month to define the extent of effects on individuals, families and society because of it, and raise awareness to reduce the stigma associated with the disease.
And Parkinson's or Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that progressively degenerative associated with symptoms of motor core, suffered about 1.2 million people in Europe alone by "the World Association of Parkinson's disease", and there are at least 10 million patients in Europe suffer from atrial and more than 500 thousand European suffer from dystonia, 80 thousand of them are suffering from primary dystonia.
Disease occurs as a result of the loss of nerve cells that produce a chemical called 'dopamine', فيتعطل work basic nerve cells and the patient becomes unable to control his movements.
For further clarification about the disease, said Dr. Ahmed Khani, Surgery Consultant brain and nerves, Department of Neuroscience at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, first, that the exact cause of ill Parkinson is still unknown although it is due probably to a group of genetic factors ( oligo), and the risk among first-degree relatives (17 percent), and environmental factors (including viruses, toxins, vitamin E, and smoking). Are diagnosed about 15 per cent of cases of people with Parkinson's illness before the age of fifty, and incidence increases with age, which affects men and women alike.
In the Middle East, it is estimated that about 2 - 3 out of 1,000 people infected with Parkinson's illness, and that the equivalent of 2 - 3 per cent of people aged over 60 years are infected with the disease, taking into account that most of the population in the Middle East are young with 6 per cent of the population are over the age of sixty.
Symptoms
Motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's illness, namely:
• sclerosis: remain constantly tense muscles, leading to rigidity or stiffness of the limbs and joints, especially in the neck and legs.
• Atrial: involuntary movements can be seen as a normal tremor in one of the parties or the head or the whole body.
• Slow movements: it can develop in many cases to a curved position, walking slowly and lumbered. In some cases (after a number of years), muscles can stop moving at the end.
• non-motor symptoms associated with the disorder include sleep disturbance, depression, difficulty speaking or swallowing and memory loss.
• can be for patients who suffer from Parkinson's ill vouch severe fluctuations in the control of movement, it is periods where almost normal motor function to full episodes of inertia within a few hours or even minutes.
The effects of Parkinson's disease
As the illness progresses Parkinson's disease, the cause of more deficit, which makes routine activities such as bathing, dressing or eating without the help of a difficult or impossible. And can lead inability patient care itself to the loss of self-confidence and depression (he suffers about 30 - 40 percent of patients in the United Kingdom from depression during infection with the disease), and not to leave the house (whether to go to work or to do daily activities normal) Because of these effects, in addition to the side effects of drug treatment substitutes for dopamine.
Treatment Options
He added. Ahmad Khani, there are a number of medical treatments available to manage the symptoms of Parkinson's illness, including pharmaceutical and other surgical and each of which is described by reasons of the condition:
• drug treatment: levodopa levodopa is the standard for the treatment of Parkinson's illness, has been used since more than 30 years, and is taken by mouth, or by injection pump in the advanced stages.
And just as effective substitutes for dopamine drugs usually within four to five years. After 5 to 10 years, may result in increases in the calibration of the dosage of the drug to side effects can not be controlled and intolerable, and become often worse than the disease itself. Additional treatments include dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
• Surgical treatment: and can be divided into two main groups, namely, surgical removal of the lesion lesional surgery and deep brain stimulation deep brain stimulation DBS both targeting specific areas of the brain such as the thalamus, pale body globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus subthalamic nucleus.
• surgical removal of the lesion lesional surgery: surgery to eradicate specific cells in the brain (forming the scourge of this disease), such as the thalamus and internal pale body and thalamic nucleus under to reduce the effects of dyskinesia and dystonia.
And is usually performed this type of surgery as a last resort as the cause wounds in the brain to eradicate some of its cells is a procedure can not be returned and may result in side effects such as loss of speech that can not be reversed or modified.
• stimulation deep brain (DBS): The stimulus deep brain Deep Brain Stimulation more means surgical use and the most effective in improving the quality of life in patients who suffer from ill Parkinson, and saw patients who were treated with stimulation deep brain improvement in the quality of their daily lives for a period of not less than Five years after treatment, which provides electrical stimulation to block signals in the brain that cause motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's illness basic. And when the catalyst is implanted surgically nervous under the skin in the chest or in the abdominal area and linking electric بأقطاب placed in parts of the brain that control movement.
This treatment requires the involvement of a multidisciplinary team specializing in movement disorders and deep brain stimulation (neurologist, neurosurgeon and a specialist radiograph nervous and Physiology neurological specialist). The team conducted tests to assess the effectiveness of the system before planting to make sure that the patient's symptoms will respond appropriately, it prevents unnecessary costs and surgery and possible side effects.
This way is advised for patients who suffer from troublesome symptoms despite optimal drug therapy. It must be these patients may have received a clear diagnosis of Parkinson's ill lasted for more than five years as well as a good response to the drug levodopa.
Deep brain stimulation
The main advantages of this type of treatment:
• very effective for the symptoms of Parkinson's ill when they are described with the drug compared with medication alone.
• patients saw an improvement in the quality of sleep and longer periods of sleep with deep brain stimulation, and this also leads to an improvement in the quality of life of caregivers.
• The treatment of deep brain stimulation leads to reduced anxiety and maintain cognition.
• One of the latest hardware (ACTIVA RC) is the first and smallest device deep brain stimulation is subject to recharge, and the only one in the world can allow the use of the device itself for almost ten years. This reduces the number of surgical operations over the life, which is particularly useful for young patients in the Age
Effectiveness of treatment
The effectiveness of the treatment deep brain stimulation has shown the following:
• The researchers found that electrical impulses hinder signals in the brain that cause the symptoms of Parkinson's ill and atrial and dystonia.
• constant stimulation of the thalamic nucleus under internal or pale body or ventricular nucleus of thalamus middle of the brain is of fundamental interest in the treatment.
• does not require patients to further surgical interventions when these devices were planted that are programmed and maintained from the outside.
Studies have shown that Parkinson's patients who were treated with deep brain stimulation showed improvement in motor function, allowing patients to be more able to accomplish everyday activities or even return to work. And can be performed deep brain stimulation also improves the quality of sleep in patients. And reduces deep brain stimulation significantly the duration and intensity of involuntary movements (called dyskinesia) and severity of disability associated with it.
And saw patients who were treated with deep brain stimulation a decline of up to 70 per cent in involuntary movements and an improvement of up to 56 per cent in motor function. After 12 months, saw patients who suffer from Parkinson's ill rate increase in periods of good motor function and alleviate the symptoms was 6.1 hours per day.
Also saw patients who were treated with deep brain stimulation, as well as oral medications, a significant improvement in their quality of life compared with patients who were treated with the best medical management and who have not seen any improvement. Studies have shown that deep brain stimulation allows a substantial reduction in the daily dose of levodopa equivalent, and this may help reduce the side effects of oral medications.
Patients with atrial
For the effect of this treatment on patients with atrial that the improvement has emerged after laying a deep brain stimulation is in the long term, Patients witnessed a significant decrease in the defibrillator for up to seven years. The treatment of deep brain stimulation to improve the quality of life of patients significantly and enable them to carry out tasks such as shopping, cooking and feed themselves independently.
In the case of the effect of treatment on the cases of primary dystonia may improve deep brain stimulation of the severity of the disease and reduces the deficit associated at least three years.
And reduces deep brain stimulation effectively the symptoms of dystonia related, which improves the quality of life significantly. When determining the perfect choice for the treatment of deep brain stimulation of the patient, must make some changes and as such patients need to do only the minimum of visits to their doctor.
Safety treatment
Were studied deep brain stimulation widely in different diseases. And usually the side effects of deep brain stimulation are reversible and transient, and can be solved by non-surgical interventions to change data and stimulus options.
Research has shown consistently that deep brain stimulation is a safe and effective treatment and lasting. It is possible to reverse deep brain stimulation, which does not cause any damage in the brain tissue. As is the case with all treatments, the stability necessary to get used to the deep brain stimulation. And long-term care is relatively simple in most cases.
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